A Case Study On Kentucky Fried Chicken Marketing Essay

A Case Study On Kentucky Fried Chicken Marketing Essay KFC  Corporation, based  in  Louisville, Kentucky, is the world’s  most popular chicken restaurant chain.  It  primarily  sells  chicken  specializing in Original Recipe ®, Extra Crispy ®, Kentucky Grilled Chickenà ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢ and Original Recipe Strips with home-style sides, Honey BBQ Wings, and freshly made chicken sandwiches.(www.kfc.com)  KFC  was founded  by Colonel Harland D. Sandersin  1964, KFC operates restaurants in 109 countries and territories around the world.  KFC operates more than 5,200 restaurants in the United States and more than 15,000 units around the world. KFC is KFC  is  part of Yum! Brands, Inc., the world’s largest restaurant company in terms of system restaurants, with more than 36,000 locations around the world. The company is currently ranked 239 according to Fortune 500 List, with an excess of $11 billion revenue in 2008.( http://www.kfc.com/about/)  PRODUCTS AND SERVICES KFC’s  main  prod uct is pressure-fried  pieces of chicken made with the original recipe.  The other chicken  offering, extra crispy,  is made  out of  garlic marinade and double dipping the  chicken in flour before deep frying in a  standard industrial kitchen  set  machine.   It also serves potato chips and wedges, coleslaw, zinger burger, depending on the  international  location.(www.wikepedia.com) MISSION STATEMENT To sell food in a fast, friendly  environment that appeals to pride conscious, health minded  consumers (www.KFC.com)  KEY SUCCESS FACTORS -Quality -Service -Cleanliness satisfying  the customers’ needs. COMPETITORS KFC competitors are pizza hut, macdonalds,and dominoes. MARKETINING ANALYSIS OF KFC SEGMENTATION Market Segmentaion is a  way  by which an  organization  or  firm  divides its target market into different homogenous groups in other to identify and meet the needs of its target customers..  They are four bases of market segmentation. KFC has divided its  market  into  distinct  groups of customers to meet their needs. Geographic Segmentation KFC has over 20,000 outlets all over the world and it segments its  market  geographically by regions KFC offers different  varieties  of  chicken  depending  on tastes in a certain country.  In north  India, chicken is their primary product while in the north, vegetable is  usually  preferred to  chicken.  KFC also segments its market based on  size  of the population.  In India, KFCs outlets  are found  in urbanized areas that are densely populated.  Geographic se For  instance  In north  India, chicken is their primary product while in the north, vegetable is  typically  preferred to  chicken. Demographic segmentation In demographic segmentation, the market  is divided  into  different groups based on age, sex, nationality, income etc KFCs segments its  market  according to Age(  7-60) Sex ( Both Males and Females) Income( for  high income  earners and  average  income  earners) Also, segmentation may be based on ethnicity; an example in China, some ethnic groups in China  prefer  hot and spicy food while others like it plain.  It is  therefore  necessary to meet the needs of these clients differently if one owns a chain of restaurants in those different regions. Physograpic segmentation Psychographic segmentation refers to the use of consumer lifestyles as a  basis  for classifying ones’ customers. Since different people have different interests and activities, then such an approach would be  feasible  in marketing. In this approach, companies may  classify  their  consumer  on the basis of their values.  In Psychographic Segmentation, segments  are divided  on the basis of social class,

A Critical Assessment of Employee Engagement Essay

A Critical Assessment of Employee Engagement - Essay Example Employee engagement does not entail an initiative of the human resource, but a strategy that mainly targets an improvement of employee performance. Lack of interaction within most organizations makes it difficult to drive engagement.   The choice to improve worker engagement depends on the entire staff within an organization exerting effort to improve productivity. Most organizations fail in this venture because of lacking a business strategy (Guthrie, 2001). Scores of organizations lack the ability to identify engaged employees and maintain these workers in their organization for a longer period. Engaging employees without any concrete business result indicates that the employees feel unaccountable in terms of measuring their performance.   Further, organizations fail in terms of aligning organizational goals with aspirations of employees.   Lack of effective communication, lead to a disintegrated workforce that falls short of practical goals.   Without proper channels of co mmunication, employees are denied information essential in terms of understanding organizational goals and priorities (Kanungo, 1982). Organizations fail in terms of facilitating managerial and leadership improvement required in enhancing employee performance. Organizations tend to pursue employee engagement in means that seem infective in many aspects. Employers often look at the effort of initiating worker engagement as strenuous and does not impact on the businesses bottom-line instantly. Organizations tend to experience flaws while implementing strategies.... Organizations tend to pursue employee engagement in means that seem infective in many aspects. Employers often look at the effort of initiating worker engagement as strenuous and does not impact on the businesses bottom-line instantly. Organizations tend to experience flaws while implementing strategies for employee involvement (Craig & Silverstone, 2010). Organizations may view employee involvement as ancillary compared to the actual operations. For employee engagement strategy to work, organizations need to view their strategies meant to engage workers as, part of the whole organization’s business strategy. The engagement should focus on targets such as measurable business outcomes in relation to employee effort. What the management of most organizations fail to initiate, involves assessing employee efforts and accountability. The management further fails because they do not provide communication channel vital for aligning every worker’s actions in relation to the org anization’s overall goals (Maurer, 2001). On another note, organizations fail to engage employees due to a lack of a mechanism geared at integrating workers and structures within the organization. The management may lack an understanding of the tools necessary to facilitate leadership behaviour. Organizations rely on structures that do not accommodate changes related to employee engagement. They lack strategies necessary to define responsibilities vital in effecting change process (Tartell, 2012). This involves neglecting employees as important part of the business’s overall goal. Employee engagement works effectively in an environment that accommodates behavioural change. The ability to engage

Personal Statement for Graduate Diploma in Law Essay

Personal Statement for Graduate Diploma in Law - Essay Example Third, the institution’s proximity to law firms and courts within London will give me the experience to learn and observe qualified attorneys’ approaches and skills. I believe I will fit into this institution because I am hard working and driven and I like to be exposed to both an academic as well as professional atmosphere. My educational background is diverse, as I studied psychology and sociology at Barnard College, Columbia University. Subsequently I went to London and by now have completed two masters’ programs in Business Psychology at Kingston University, and in International Business at Regents College. Currently, I am working as an assistant to our in-house lawyer at Doyen Capital, a private firm. This experience has exposed me to business contracts and legal issues on a corporate level, and I look forward to expanding my overall knowledge in the legal career. In order to achieve my goal, I strive to complete the Graduate Diploma in Law. Then I strive to complete the Legal Practice training course, and afterwards work under a two-year contract as a trainee in the corporate law field. My final career goal is to become a solicitor and I hope to achieve my goal by first joining an institution that will provide me with a strong foundation in my legal career. ... I appreciate that the basis for wanting to study law and eventually become a solicitor may have been superficial to me, but when I participated in a legal awareness campaign organized by the London Bar Association, I quickly made up my mind to be a lawyer. Thereafter I joined the firm of Leigh Day Solicitors where I worked in the Human Rights and Constitutional Law department. Occasionally, I would accompany the managing partner to courts or tribunals to find out how the courts operated. In addition to this, I was incorporated in the University of London’s Law Faculty Annual Legal Awareness Week where we attended circuit meetings offering legal aid to the less-privileged. These awareness programs and retreats gave me some insight into university life and the moot lectures and debates increased my passion for law. Since I commenced my educational career, I have always been a studious and strong-minded individual, hence I knew that a degree in law at the University that would cu lminate into being a solicitor was the correct decision to make. Initially, I had broad interests in other fields or careers but I have recently become drawn to a career in law due to its complex and intriguing nature in solving daily issues. Law is an area that has interested me since childhood due to the extensive reading that is integral in solving legal issues and I therefore consider myself to be well suited to a career in law, as I do pay much attention to detail and take pleasure in solving social issues that affect the daily lives of human beings. The studies I have had previously have also aided me in observing the actions of others and how their opinions are dictated by external factors and the confidence I gained is important in wading

Araby by James Joyce Essay Example for Free

Araby by James Joyce Essay What impression of Dublin and its people does James Joyce give in his story Araby? James Augustine Alrysius Joyce, an Irish writer, was born in Dublin 2nd February 1882 and died in Zurich, Switzerland 13th January 1941. He was born into a well-off Catholic family and was the eldest surviving child; two of his siblings died of typhoid. Joyce was originally educated at Clongowes Wood College, a boarding school in County Kildare, which he left at the age of 6 because his father could no longer pay the fees. James Joyce studied at home for a brief period of time before being offered a place in the Jesuits Dublin School. At the age of 16 he rejected Catholicism which changed his life completely. At the age of 20, after graduating from the UDC (University College Dublin) he left for Paris and tried studying different occupations like teaching, journalism and even a doctor. At the age of 21 he returned to Ireland after receiving news that his mother was diagnosed with cancer. After she had died James Joyce became a heavy drinker but gradually stopped as he got over her death. He then stayed in Dublin for a period of time from 1904-1907 writing the Dubliners and also started many other books. The book Dubliners is a collection of short stories and Araby, like all of them, have paralysis meaning that they cant leave Dublin. For example in the short story Clay Maria has the chance to make a new life and leave Dublin but turns it down because she is too scared. This also occurs in A Painful Case and Eveline, as they dont have to courage to leave Dublin. In the short story The Boarding House, Bob Doran wishes to leave Dublin but cant because he is trapped inside marriage. Most of the short stories, unlike Araby, go in circles, for instance, Two Gallants when Lenehan just wanders around Dublin. This also occurs in The Dead because a horse just goes around and around in circles, and also in An Encounter when a pervert tries to stop but end back in the same perverted world. At the end of the short stories James Joyce always write an epiphany, which is a revelation, but in all but one story the revelation is only noticed by the reader but in Araby both the reader and the protagonist the protagonist is the main character have an epiphany an epiphany is a moment of revelation, usually at the end of the story. In the streets of Dublin James Joyce writes them as being blind, meaning that its a dead end and there is nothingness, it also means that you cant escape and there is nowhere to go (there is no way of getting out of Dublin). The main reason is that there is no vision, meaning that you cant see how terrible and run down Ireland really is. He describes all things by the colours brown and yellow that symbolises human excrements. He writes the lamps of the street lifted their feeble lanterns, the word feeble shows that the light is not even strong enough to even penetrate the darkness. Jostled by drunken men and bargaining women, the word bargaining in this case can mean two things. The first meaning of it is that they are just selling items and changing the prices of them, and the second meaning is that the women are bargaining for their bodies, they are prostitutes. There are street singers who sing about the problems in Ireland. Also that weather is always extremely violent, and this is shown by the words cold air stung us, rain impinge upon the earth and the air was pitilessly raw. Religion in Dublin is exceedingly poor. In the second paragraph it says a priest, had died showing that the faith in Dublin has disappeared off the face of the earth. Inside the house of the dead priest there were books that were curled and damp meaning that the interest in them was lost. The books were The Abbot which is a religious story, The Devout Communicant which is a book on how to receive Holy Communion well and the last one The Memoirs of Vidocq which is about a thief. The books are muddled up indicating that religion in Ireland is a sham. When it talks about the priest again it first says very charitable priest making you think that the priest was a good man, and suddenly says in his will he had left all his money to institutions and the furniture of his house to his sister presenting the complete opposite. This means that the priest was only charitable went he knew he was dieing and he wasnt a nice man. In the dead priests wild garden there is an apple tree in the centre signifying the Garden of Eden which is a source of evil. In a bush in the garden, there is a rusty bicycle-pump, this can denote three things. The first description of the bicycle-pump is that there is no escape because, if you cant pump up your tires, then you cant go anywhere. The second explanation represents the snake, or Satan, in the Garden of Eden because the pump is approximately the same size a snake. The last reason, symbolizes a heart, meaning that, because the heart is not pumping, there is no love or life in Dublin, symbolizing that everything is hopeless. A good part in the story when you know that religion is just a phoney in Dublin is when the boys Aunt says Im afraid you may have to put off your bazaar for this night of Our Lord actually saying that he should just forget about it in a nasty way. Although she I using religious word she is using them without kindness, meaning that she is not caring about him. The family life in Dublin isnt very pleasant either. In the beginning of the book, the boy says if my Uncle was seen turning the corner, we hid in the shadow indicating that he doesnt live with his parents, and also that hes scared of him. On the night of the bazaar his Uncle came home late, I heard him talking to himself meaning he was obviously drunk and had forgotten all about Araby. The love in Dublin is bland. For the boy he loves and stalks Mangans sister. She is called thins because he doesnt actually know her name so he names her Mangans sister. He defines her as light because he thinks of Dublin as the dark and Mangans sister as a light to brighten up Dublin. When he looks at her her dress swung as she moved her body, and the soft rope of her hair tossed from side to side, she is describes as lively and everyone else is not. Followed her, or stalking her is the meaning, I kept her brown figure always in my eye, brown indicating that she is actually just an ordinary person with nothing special about her. Within one paragraph there are five words chalice, prayers, praises, tears and adoration, he describes her with religious word, and because he left Catholicism she is now his secular religion (one without God). She is also like music to his ears because it says my body was like a harp and her words and gestures were like fingers running upon the wires. Also showing that he uses her in a secular religion is a sentence saying I pressed the palms of my hands together until they trembled, murmuring: O love! O love! many times showing that he worships her a lot. At last she spoke to me, this is the moment he was waiting for the whole time. She then talks about Araby and says she cant go. While she was talking to him she turned a sliver bracelet, silver indicating bright. In two sentences he uses six words to describe how radiant and bright she is and how drawn he is to her, they are light, lamp, white, lit, lit and white, repeating white and lit. Waking and sleep thoughts and chafed against the work of school imply that he cant do anything besides thinking about Araby and Mangans sister, and it also says I strove to read hinting the same thing. Lie at the window signals that he stalks and spies on Mangans sister, and he is singing because he is happy about getting Mangans sister a present. Lastly he has a sexual desire for Mangans sister because it says border below the dress suggesting that he is growing quite fast and is into the puberty stage of life. Araby is a fair or, a bazaar which is a foreign word from the east. In the boys eyes, Araby is an exotic place that gets away from all the darkness of Dublin. Also Araby is close to the word Arabia which is in the east signifying that its exotic, rich. And because it is in the east it signifies that the sunrise comes from the east, representing a new day, a new hope, a new light. Also Jesus resurrected in the east, epitomizing a new beginning or day. When he eventually arrives to Araby, he goes around the stalls and finds that most of them are closed. There is one that is open but when he sees the people at the stall he discovers they all speak in English accents indicating that the bazaar is not exotic at all. A young lady, who is probably a prostitute, because she is seen flirting with two men at the same time, asks the boy if he wants to buy anything but he says no, thank you. And from this, all of his dreams end because, the items are too expensive and mundane. At the end of the story there is an epiphany, which is the moment of revelation, to both the reader and the protagonist, because usually the epiphany is only recognisable to the reader. On the second from last paragraph at the end it says complete darkness signifying that all hope is gone. The whole of the last paragraph says gazing up into the darkness I saw myself as a creature driven and derided by vanity; and my eyes burned with anguish and anger, this is the exact moment when he realises that all Dublin was in vain and all he did was in vain. He figures out from this that there actually is no love, no romance and no chivalry.

Utilitarianism vs. Kantianism Essay -- Papers Immanuel Kant Ethics Mor

Utilitarianism vs. Kantianism Ethics can be defined as "the conscious reflection on our moral beliefs with the aim of improving, extending or refining those beliefs in some way." (Dodds, Lecture 2) Kantian moral theory and Utilitarianism are two theories that attempt to answer the ethical nature of human beings. This paper will attempt to explain how and why Kantian moral theory and Utilitarianism differ as well as discuss why I believe Kant's theory provides a more plausible account of ethics. Immanuel Kant's deonotological ethical theory assesses if actions are moral based on the person's will or intention of acting. Kant's theory can be categorized as a deonotological because "actions are not assessed to be morally permissible on the basis of consequences they produce, but rather on the form of the agent's will in acting," (Dodds, Lecture 7) therefore his actions are based on duty and not consequential. Kantianism is based on three principles: maxims, willing, and the categorical imperative. Kant states that a maxim is a "general rule or principle which will explain what a person takes himself to be doing and the circumstances in which he takes himself to be doing it" (Feldman, 1999, 201). It is important that this principle be universalisable and that the maxim can be applied consistently to everyone that encounters similar situations, therefore willed as a universal law. The second aspect of Kant's theory is willing. This involves the agent consistently committing oneself to make an action occur. He states that, "In general, we can say that a person wills inconsistently if he wills that p be the case and he wills that q be the case and its impossible for p and q to be the case together" (Feldman, 1999, 203). T... ...nces. Kantianism focuses on the motivation of actions, has clear and distinct set of universal rules, and is morally logical. On the other hand, Utilitarianism relies on the consequences of an action, has no set universal laws as each action is assessed on an individual basis, and morality is based on the results of the assessment. Because of these reasons, I believe that Kantianism is the more ethically plausible theory of the two. Bibliography: Susan Dodds, Lecture 2 notes, 'Utilitarianism.' Susan Dodds, Lecture 7 notes, 'Kantianism.' Fred Feldman, 'Kant's Ethics Theory: Exposition and Critique' from H. J. Curzer, ed Ethical Theory and Moral Problems, Belmont, Ca: Wadsworth Publishing Co. 1999. J.S. Mill, 'What Utilitarianism Is' from Peter Y. Windt, An Introduction to Philosophy: Ideas in Conflict, St Paul, MN: West Publishing, 1982.

Christian capacity Essay

Stevens’ poem Sunday Morning represents the fundamental human struggle over faith. The symbolism in the poem is prevalent in its relation to defining the role of God in a Christian capacity and lack of belief in that God. The start of the poem presents the reader with an image of a woman. Stevens uses an array of color and setting to create imagery in the poem with such phrases as â€Å"green freedom† and â€Å"coffee and oranges† in order to twine the corporeal with the mundane (i. e. â€Å"holy hush of ancient sacrifice† and â€Å"complacencies of the peignoir and late coffee and oranges in a sunny chair†). Stevens is suggesting that the woman, instead of going to Church on Sunday, has stayed home, yet divines of a â€Å"silent Palestine†, which alludes to the celestial struggle over God in the poem. The second section or stanza of Stevens’ poem portrays a masculine voice who questions, â€Å"Why should she give her bounty to the dead? / What is divinity if it can come / Only in silent shadows and dreams? †. Here Stevens is relating to the reader an extension of his faith question and asking why there should be such importance based on a religious icon, a thing that is only an image. The third stanza travels into a type of etymology or history of the conceptualization of divinity, as the poem’s section begins, â€Å"Jove in the clouds had his inhuman birth†. Thus, the reader picks up the idea of movement in the poem; the movement from Greece to Palestine; or, in the history of the Christian God, Stevens is alluding to the religious movement from polytheism to monotheism. In Greece, many different Gods and Goddesses were worshipped, but with the implementation of Emperor Constantine, the practice of monotheism became popular. Stevens is suggesting in this section the dominant question of moving past monotheism, â€Å"Shall our blood fail? †. The theory of unification is further written by Stevens by his suggesting that this could be the time of â€Å"the blood of paradise†. The use of language is intricate in this section, but despite its verbosity, Stevens manages to point the reader into a singular direction: where is religion going? In the fourth section Stevens goes back to the feminine voice, and then the masculine voice. With these two perspectives, Stevens is creating a contrary point of view and a tension in the poem as one voice constantly questions the other’s point of view. The female voice wants to know where paradise will be found without birds, and the masculine voice responds, â€Å"There is no haunt of prophecy †¦Remote in heaven’s hill, that had endured As April’s green endures; or will endure†. The masculine voice is stating that everything changes, and does not last. The imagery that Stevens uses to express this idea are common motifs in the Christian religions (i. e. greening earth, prophecy, grave, cloudy palm), and by using them in this context Stevens is making a direct strike on Christian religion. The fifth stanza returns to the feminine voice, who has not been waylaid, and continues to question the masculine voice. This stanza makes many allusions to death, while the masculine praises death; the feminine and masculine twined, create a relationship between death and desire which is quite prevalent in Stevens’ words. The stanza is suggesting that change is always needed, so death is an integral part of the universe. In the final stanzas Stevens suggests a change in religious practice. Stevens proposes a pagan practice, â€Å"a ring of men† chanting â€Å"in orgy on a summer morn†. In the final images of the poem however it may be surmised that Stevens is truly suggesting a pairing of masculine and feminine, or pagan and Christian, of life and death. Work Cited Stevens, W. Sunday Morning. Online. Accessed: August 1, 2007. http://www. web-books. com/classics/Poetry/Anthology/Stevens_W/Sunday. htm

Consumer Behavior Toward Dry Shampoo

Dry shampoo Introduction: Dry shampoo is a spray that can be used to â€Å"clean† and freshen up the hair when it’s not possible to actually wash it. Dry shampoo works by stripping out all the excess oil–along with leftover sweat and general nastiness–that the hair is producing because you’re not washing it. Dry shampoo can revitalize greasy, limp hair if you don't have time to wash it As research suggests that washing hair too frequently can be really, really bad for it–especially using commercial shampoos and conditioners, often loaded with harsh, unpronounceable shit–and strips away the hair’s natural oils.Beauty experts recommend washing your hair less frequently to keep it healthy. Dry shampoo can be used in between washes if you’re trying to lengthen the life of your blow-out, for example, when you’re dashing to the office without time for a shower, or even in situations when water isn’t readily availa ble. It can extend that time between washing a few extra days, but keep you from looking like a greasy, drug-addled mess.It also helps to refresh any blow-dry for long lasting hairstyles and promise to offer â€Å"instant root lift, texture and body to hairs. It gives the hair a soft, warm and freshly-washed look. Though it is based on corn starch and oatmeal, it’s less chalky and contains volatizing agents that make it as much a styling product as a shortcut. Dry shampoo will only help to absorb excess oil and it won’t necessarily clean out the dirt and grime from a long day’s work, though it might mask it with a pretty scent.Good enough for your lunch break after a quick trip to the gym. Usage: * You can apply dry shampoo directly to your roots by spraying it over the portion of the hair working it through with a comb. * After applying dry shampoo, thoroughly run hands through hair until it has completely dissolved. After applying the product to the top of he ad, flip head upside down and massage some into scalp at the roots. If you scrunch up your roots before flipping your head upright, you’ll also get some added volume.Target market: It constitutes young females professionals or students who do not have much time to wash their hairs on daily bases and are much conscious to set their hairs in a better way. As our country is facing electric power crisis and we don’t even have proper natural gas facility especially in winters so the dry shampoo is the instant solution to the problem of time constraint of washing hairs regularly to avoid greasy, stinky and rough hairs.Demographics: name| gender| age| income| geography| profession| Social class| religion| lifestyle| namra| female| 21| 8000| Defence,Lahore pakistan| Teacher assistant and student| Upper-middle| Islam| Outgoing and social| beenish| female| 19| 5000| Cantt, Lahore pakistan| student| Upper-middle| Islam| Daring and social| asma| female| 24| 30,000| Model town, lah ore| Internee in nestle| upper| Islam| Trendy and try new things. raheema| female| 20| 3000| Cantt, lahore| student| middle| Islam| conventional| ayesha| female| 22| 5000| Askari X, Lahore| student| Upper-middle| Islam| social| ramsha| female| 20| 15000| Defence, lahore| student| Upper-middle| Islam| outgoing| shayan| female| 21| 6000| Johar town, lahore| student| Upper-middle| islam| trendy| Response and feedbacks regarding the new product (focus group): 1. What comes top of your mind while you buy a shampoo? Which attributes you prefer and the results associated with them? * it should suit our hair structure and should not over dry the scalp. It should give a moisturizing effect. * Moreover, the price should be reasonable and makes hairs more shiny and softer. 2. Does the price of the shampoo effects the quality of the product? * If the brand have a good position in the market and have a strong word of mouth developed regarding the product so they will surely pay whatever the pric e is. 3. How often you use shampoo? * Most of them wash hairs on regular basis which over dries the scalp and leads to hair breakage whereas if they do not wash regularly, it leaves the hairs greasier. 4. What comes in your mind when you hear about dry shampoo? It is unhygienic because they don’t feel satisfied of cleaning hairs without washing them with water. * It leaves whitish texture over the hairs * Don’t feel comfortable because washing hairs is a traditional way as it gives a feeling that we have took a bath to clean our hairs properly. * They are open for new products none of them said that they wouldn’t use it 5. Do you think that time is a major factor behind it as it saves times to wash hairs? * They agreed over the fact that it takes time to wash hairs. Sometimes it’s difficult to take shower and wash hairs due to emergency or time constraints. Furthermore, it should leave the same texture of hair when blow-dried or straightened to save time. 6. Sensation: * It should have good and convenient packaging that they can easily carry in their bags and size at the same time bottle should be attractive not very colorful but not too dull as well. 7. Exposure: * Word of mouth plays an important role in enhancing the exposure of dry shampoo. Individuals will share their experiences from the product and tell others regarding their experience that will induce attention of the consumer. 8. Memory: Target market will retain the concept of dry shampoo through common memories of events occurred. Every girl experiences times when she is unable to maintain herself because she has projects the next day or going through menstrual cycles or have a load of work. Lastly, we will relate their past memories and experiences in our advertisements. 9. Learning: * Instrumental learning suggests that through negatively reinforce the consumer, they will learn new concept in terms of dry shampoo. However, the product will be associated with negative f orces that will modify the behavior.For instance, if a girl does not have time to wash her hair and without rinsing them it would make them look greasy and smelly that would ultimately make other people away from her because of smell and untidy look. She won’t be appreciated or praised among her peers, friends and family members and loses her self confidence. 10. What would motivate you to buy a dry shampoo? * if the fragrance is good than that would be a big plus for the product because our hair normally don’t smell that good when we use hair sprays and since its being launched for the first time people have mixed views about it.So if the product promises to have good fragrance as well as freshness they would want to go for it. * Another thing is that pricing should be reasonably high. it shouldn’t be over the top because although the people understand that it can’t match their existing shampoo prices it should not exceed too much otherwise it might act as a demotivator and despite having the desired need people may decide that it’s not worth it but still some said that price should be high otherwise we would not totally trust the quality of the shampooMoreover, the dry shampoo contains natural ingredients that helps to clean dirt, grease and smell from hairs without damaging your hairs and maintains the natural oil leaving your hairs soft and shiny whereas the regular shampoo contains harsh chemicals that damages your hairs and eliminates natural oil. Problem/ values: The major constraint faced by the target market while conducting focus group regarding dry shampoo was that they denied over the concept of washing hairs without water as values and culture in Pakistan depicts the regular cleaning f hairs and body with water so all of them agreed on the cultural significance of taking bath regularly which condemns the purpose of dry shampoo that cleans hairs without water. However, it is a convenient solution to clean hairs wh en the time is running out especially on occasional basis. They would prefer regular shampoo over dry shampoo but keep it as alternative when they have short of time.